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Macular degeneration is a condition that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for most of your vision.
It can be classified into two types based on its progression: dry (non-exudative) and wet (exudative).
Dry macular degeneration occurs when waste deposits called drusen accumulate in the macula, blocking nutrient supply to the photoreceptor cells. Most macular degeneration patients fall into this category. Although it does not immediately cause vision loss, macular function gradually declines over time, potentially progressing to wet macular degeneration.
In this stage, abnormal blood vessels grow beneath the retina's choroid layer, causing frequent bleeding and scar tissue formation, which rapidly deteriorates vision. Destruction of the macula occurs relatively quickly, leading to rapid loss of central vision, and in severe cases, blindness may occur within two years.
You have a family history of macular degeneration
You are over 45 years old
You are a heavy smoker
You have cardiovascular disease
Distorted vision where objects appear wavy
Central scotoma, where the center of vision appears dark or missing
Decreased ability to distinguish colors and contrast
Gaps appearing between letters when reading
Detailed dilated fundus examination
Ultrasound examination
Optical coherence tomography (OCT)
Electroretinography (ERG)
Since vision recovery is often challenging once macular degeneration progresses, early detection and treatment are crucial.
Individuals over 50 who experience changes in central vision should undergo an eye examination for diagnosis.
The Blue Eye Center actively researches macular degeneration treatments and provides personalized treatment plans based on each patient's condition.
- Medication to slow progression
- Management of risk factors such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia
- Intravitreal anti-VEGF injection therapy
- Photodynamic therapy (PDT)
- Laser photocoagulation
- Surgical intervention